1.Nutrition in plants

Defination:-

1. Nutrition = Nutrition is the process of taking food by an organism and its utilisation by the body .

2. Nutrients = Carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamin ,  and minerals are the components of food.These components of food are called 'nutrients ' and these are naccessary for our body.

3. Autotrophs = Autotrophic nutrition is the made of nutrition in which organism make their own food from simple substances by the process of synthesis . These organisms are known as autotrophics plants is  called Autotrophs.

4. Heterotrophs = These organisms which can not prepare their own food and take food from green plants or animals are known as Heterotrophs.


5. Chlorophyll  = The leaves have  green pigments ; these green pigments are called chlorophyll. 

6. Stomata = The tiny poes  present on the surface of leaves.These pores are surrounded by 'guard cells' such pore are called stomata.

7. Photosynthesis = Green leaves capture the the energy of the sunlight.This energy is used to synthesis food  from carbon dioxide and water .Since the synthesis of food occurs in the presence of sunlight, it is called photosynthesis.

8. Cells = The body of living organism made of tiny units called 'cells'.

9. Parasitic  plants = The plant which obtains their food from other organism is called parasitic  plants.

10. Saprotrephic = The made of nutrition  in which organisms take in nutrients  from dead and decaying matter is called saprotrephic. 

11. Insectivorous plants = Some plants which trapped the insects and eat them. Such insect eating plants  are called 'Insectivorous plants'. eg- pitcher plant, Sundew.

12. Host = Some plant or animals  which keep parasites on itself and feed them are known as host.

13. Parasites = Some plants or animals take valuable nutrients from the other plants or animals to climbing it are known as 'parasites' .

14. Fungi = We see cotton - like threads spread on the piece of bread .These organism are called 'Fungi' .

Question & answer:-

1. Why do organisms need to take food? 

The organisms  need  to take food  to build  their bodies, to grow, to repair damaged part of their bodies and to obtain the energy to carry out life  processes.  Food provide  resistance to fight against diseases and protection from  different infections. 

2. Distinguish between a parasite and saprotroph. 

Difference between parasite and saprotroph;-

Parasite

Parasite are the organism that  live in  side the body of another organism (host) and derive the food from it.

Saprotroph 

Saprotroph  are the organism  that feed on  dead and delaying organic matter. They do not need any host.

3. How would you test the presence of the starch in leaves ?

Tha presence of starch in leaves can be tested by iodine test.Iodine turns starch solution in to blue black colour.  Pour the drops of dilute iodine solution on a  failed leaf . The leaf blue black in colour , which proves the presence of starch in it .


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